Art. 118 CrimPC from 2023

Art. 118 Private Claimants Definition and requirements
1 A private claimant is a person suffering harm who expressly declares that he or she wishes to participate in the criminal proceedings as a criminal or civil claimant.
2 The filing of a criminal complaint is regarded as being equivalent to such a declaration.
3 The declaration must be made to a criminal justice authority by the end of the preliminary proceedings at the latest.
4 If a person suffering harm has not made a declaration of his or her own volition, so the public prosecutor shall advise the person of this possibility after opening the preliminary proceedings.
Es besteht kein Anspruch auf Aktualität und Vollständigkeit/Richtigkeit.